In Indian sub-continent potato is always cultivated in winter, though it is a summer crop.
Potatoes always grow well in full sun. Potato is a long day plant. The photoperiod for potato is 12 hours. So potato needs more than 12 hours sunlight for its flowering. Otherwise flowering in potato plant is not occurring. But in winter in the Indian sub-continent day time is short and night time is long. Day time is less than 12 hours.
But why we cultivate potato in winter season in Indian sub-continent?
Because our main objective is collected tubers from potato plants. Photoperiod is required for only flowering and flowering is required for fruit and seed development. But potato seed, flower and fruit is not our target. So we cultivate this in winter.
If we want to produce potato seed, it is not possible in winter in the Indian sub-continent, because photoperiod time is less than 12 hours in winter. For fruit setting in potato plant more than 12 hours sunlight is needed. If we want to do this, we will need to give artificial sunlight in winter.
But what is the problem in summer for potato cultivation in Indian sub-continent?
The origin of potato is temperate region. Temperate condition is best for potatoes growth and development. Near about 10-16°C temperature is suitable for potato tuber growth and development. This temperature we found in Indian sub-continent in winter season, where this temperature found in summer in temperate regions. In the high temperature tuber formation is failing in potato. For this reason potato cultivate in winter in Indian sub-continent.
Temperatures more than 30 °C can have several negative effects on potato. These are:
• Reducing the tuber growth, development and initiation.
• Create physiological damage to the tubers.
• Reduce partitioning of starch to the potato tubers.
• High temperature reduces crop yield and the number and weight of tubers
• High temperature is making tubers sprout too early.
So it is not possible to cultivate in summer, through it is summer crop. Because in summer in Indian sub-continent temperature remain above 30 °C in maximum time.
Potatoes always grow well in full sun. Potato is a long day plant. The photoperiod for potato is 12 hours. So potato needs more than 12 hours sunlight for its flowering. Otherwise flowering in potato plant is not occurring. But in winter in the Indian sub-continent day time is short and night time is long. Day time is less than 12 hours.
But why we cultivate potato in winter season in Indian sub-continent?
Because our main objective is collected tubers from potato plants. Photoperiod is required for only flowering and flowering is required for fruit and seed development. But potato seed, flower and fruit is not our target. So we cultivate this in winter.
If we want to produce potato seed, it is not possible in winter in the Indian sub-continent, because photoperiod time is less than 12 hours in winter. For fruit setting in potato plant more than 12 hours sunlight is needed. If we want to do this, we will need to give artificial sunlight in winter.
But what is the problem in summer for potato cultivation in Indian sub-continent?
The origin of potato is temperate region. Temperate condition is best for potatoes growth and development. Near about 10-16°C temperature is suitable for potato tuber growth and development. This temperature we found in Indian sub-continent in winter season, where this temperature found in summer in temperate regions. In the high temperature tuber formation is failing in potato. For this reason potato cultivate in winter in Indian sub-continent.
Temperatures more than 30 °C can have several negative effects on potato. These are:
• Reducing the tuber growth, development and initiation.
• Create physiological damage to the tubers.
• Reduce partitioning of starch to the potato tubers.
• High temperature reduces crop yield and the number and weight of tubers
• High temperature is making tubers sprout too early.
So it is not possible to cultivate in summer, through it is summer crop. Because in summer in Indian sub-continent temperature remain above 30 °C in maximum time.
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